1·Before that, books in Europe were copied by hand, so they were very expensive.
在那之前，欧洲的书都是手工抄写的，所以很贵。
2·When we started with the entire class, I showed the children how to bind the book by hand.
当我们开始整堂课的时候，我教孩子们如何手工装订书本。
3·Although nowadays the center has electronic maps, the dispatchers still walk through the streets to draw maps by hand.
虽然现在中心已经有了电子地图，但调度员仍然要走在街道上手工绘制地图。
4·Why not just set the flags by hand, in such cases?
在这种情况下为什么不手工去设置这些标记呢？
5·You can examine the source code by hand and write test cases that you think will cover it all, but this is not a reliable or efficient way to develop tests.
您可以手工检查源代码并编写您认为可以覆盖整个项目的测试案例，但是这并不是可靠的或者有效的开发测试的方法。